Central Jersey Legal Services is a nonprofit law firm that provides free legal assistance to low-income residents of Mercer, Middlesex, and Union Counties.

Central Jersey Legal Services is a nonprofit law firm that provides free legal assistance to low-income residents of Mercer, Middlesex, and Union Counties.

回應信用卡債務訴訟 – Responding to a Credit Card Debt Lawsuit

by | Chinese Articles, Consumer-Chinese

Hardship Stay of Eviction: The Worst Named Law in Housing

您是否曾因為收到債權人的訴訟文件,不知道該如何回應或沒有在時限內回應,而導致薪水被扣留,銀行賬戶被徵用或您的資產被設定留置權?  本文讓您了解您有什麼選擇以及如何與收債人談判。

忽視信用卡債務訴訟可能會導致嚴重的財務後果。一旦您收到“投訴”,您有 35 天的時間提交“答覆”。如果您不提交“答覆”,您將處於“違約”狀態。案件進入「違約」狀態後,債權人將獲得一筆名為「違約判決」的賠償金。判決有效期限為20年。

判決允許債權人執行以下操作:

  • 薪資扣發
  • 徵收您的銀行帳戶
  • 對您的房屋和其他財產設定留置權

提交“答覆”

提交「答覆」相對簡單,自助表格可在以下網址取得:

  • 小額索賠部分(5,000 美元或以下的訴訟) https://www.njcourts.gov/self-help/small-claims-court
  • 特別民事部分(20,000 美元或以下的訴訟) https://www.njcourts.gov/self-help/special-civil-court
  • 民事部分(訴訟金額超過 20,000 美元) https://www.njcourts.gov/self-help/civil-court

 

信用卡案件中常見的抗辯理由:

  1. 未經授權的收費

對於因身分盜竊、資料外洩、卡片遺失或被盜等而導致的未經授權的收費,您不承擔任何責任。

  1. 有爭議的收費

您沒有收到購買的商品或商品有缺陷並且您對費用提出異議

  1. 訴訟時效 (Statute of Limitations)

根據債務類型,在您未能付款後,債權人通常有 4 至 6 年的時間起訴您

 

  1. 破產 (Bankruptcy)

如果您申請破產,債務可能已解除

  1. 債務買家的抗辯

如果債務買家(不是原始債權人)起訴您,他們必須 (a) 擁有消費者貸款許可證(consumer-lending license),並且 (b) 出示所購買債務的完整所有權鏈 (chain of title)

您還應該索取對帳單副本,以確認爭議金額、向帳戶收取的費用以及對帳單的最後已知郵寄地址。

 

了解您有哪些選擇

如果您還有其他債務,您可能想先償還其他債務,或申請破產。例如,私人學生貸款、稅債和子女扶養費通常不會在破產時解除,因此您可能要先處理這些應盡的義務。

如果您有很多債務,並且您有想要保護的收入或資產,您應該考慮申請破產。破產將「解除」大多數種類的債務,包括信用卡、汽車、公用事業 (utility瓦斯水電費等) 、個人和醫療債務。

 

與債務催收人 (Debt Collectors) 談判

如果您有能力償還一大部分債務,請嘗試提供較低的一次性付款作為最終解決方案。如果您無法一次性支付,您仍應嘗試在一段時間內(也許是 12 至 36 個月期間)提供少於全額的金額。

 

您解決了您的案件……接下來要做什麼呢?

  1. 在付款前獲得書面和解協議
  2. 保留您的付款記錄

 

  1. 考慮用匯票 (money order) 付款,這樣他們就不會獲得您的銀行帳戶資料。
  2. 清償債務後,堅持讓債務催收人向您提供一份“有偏見駁回起訴的協議 – 即同一個債務不可以再訴的協議” (Stipulation of Dismissal with Prejudice) 以向法院備案,以確保您不會因同一債務再次被起訴。
  3. 如果判決對您不利,請在清償後向法院申請“滿意令” (Warrant of Satisfaction)

 

如果您不履行債務,違反了和解協議,會發生什麼事?

如果您拖欠和解付款,債權人將提交違約判決動議 (Motion for Default Judgment)。一旦作出違約判決,債權人將向您發送資訊傳票 (information subpoena),您必須填寫該傳票上要求的資料,並將其寄回債權人的律師。未能回應資訊傳票可能會導致債權人律師向法官提交逮捕令的動議,因此您必須填寫該資訊傳票並將其寄回給債權人的律師。資訊傳票的目的是裁定您是否擁有債權人可以扣押來償還債務的任何資產。

債權人可能同意延長付款時間或恢復協議,這就是為什麼您應該在違約之前或之後立刻聯繫他們。

若您收到債權人的訴訟文件,請務必及早回覆,若需要幫忙與債務催收人談判,以爭取較有利的條件,中部澤西法律服務處 (Central Jersey Legal Services, 簡稱CJLS) 有熱心專業的律師為您服務。CJLS 專為低收入家庭和老年人提供免費民事法律援助。如果您有房東房客糾紛、家庭暴力、社會福利、消費等問題,請撥打732-249-7600。我們有會說中文的工作人員為您服務。

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On Thursday, February 11, 2026, Central Jersey Legal Services will be closed in observance of Abraham Lincolns Birthday. We will resume our regular business hours on Friday, February 12, 2026, at 9:00 AM ready to assist you. 

#LincolnsBirthday #AbrahamLincoln #HonestAbe #UnitedWeStand #AmericanHistory #EmancipationProclamation #LegalServices #CentralJerseyLegalServices #trentoncommunity #elizabethcommunity #mercercountynj #unioncountynj #newbrunswicknj #perthamboy #hamilton

Every year, thousands of New Jerseyans face urgent civil legal problems – like loss of benefits, eviction, homelessness, consumer scams – through no fault of their own. CJLS helps ordinary people who can’t afford a lawyer on their own to navigate our complex legal system and solve those problems. Grace’s story is one example of how legal aid changes lives.

With your generous support, we’re able to help families, seniors, and more get the justice and support they deserve. centraljerseylegalservices.org/donate-cjls/

#CJLS #LegalAidWorks #AccessToJustice #JusticeForAll #CivilLegalAid #LegalHelp #CommunitySupport #HelpingFamilies #FamilyStability #ChangingLives
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Every year, thousands of New Jerseyans face urgent civil legal problems – like loss of benefits, eviction, homelessness, consumer scams – through no fault of their own. CJLS helps ordinary people who can’t afford a lawyer on their own to navigate our complex legal system and solve those problems. Grace’s story is one example of how legal aid changes lives.

With your generous support, we’re able to help families, seniors, and more get the justice and support they deserve. https://centraljerseylegalservices.org/donate-cjls/

#CJLS #LegalAidWorks #AccessToJustice #JusticeForAll #CivilLegalAid #LegalHelp #CommunitySupport #HelpingFamilies #FamilyStability #ChangingLives
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